Observe · Regulate · Protect — since 2007. 19th OIMAP General Assembly: Singapore, 10–12 June 2026. Programme
Market

Antique furniture

The antique furniture market: styles, cabinetmakers, stamps, restorations, prices and buying criteria.

Updated : October 28, 2026· 3 min read

A market for connoisseurs

Plate of Olives (mid-1700s)
Plate of Olives (mid-1700s)

Antique furniture accounts for €4.1 billion in 2024, with a median price of €2,900. It is a specialists' market, where the expert's eye counts for more than the catalogue.

It distinguishes the great historical styles (Renaissance, Louis XIV, Régence, Louis XV, Louis XVI, Empire) and signed pieces by famous cabinetmakers, which are highly sought after.

This page explains how the value of a piece of furniture is formed and how to avoid the most common buying mistakes.

  • Furniture
  • Style
  • Restoration

Antique furniture in figures

€4.1bnVolume
€2,900Median price
+1.8%Index change
38%Lots sold online

Source: OIMAP Observatory.

Breakdown

18th century44%
19th century24%
17th century and earlier14%
20th century18%

Share of the segment's volume.

What makes a piece of furniture valuable

The value of a piece of furniture depends on five things: the period, the quality of execution, the signature or stamp, the condition and the provenance. A piece by a great cabinetmaker, in original condition and with a prestigious provenance, can be worth a hundred times an anonymous piece of the same style.

Condition is decisive: a light restoration is accepted, but replacement of structural elements, a redone veneer or a changed top considerably reduce value.

Youth (from Chateau de Chaumont set) (1512–15)
Youth (from Chateau de Chaumont set) (1512–15)
Border (c 1800– 1825)
Border (c 1800– 1825)
Kremlin Tower Clock, House of Fabergé (c. 1913)
Kremlin Tower Clock, House of Fabergé (c. 1913)

Recognising marriages and restorations

A piece of furniture is a "marriage" when two elements of different origin have been assembled, for example a desk placed on a base from another period. It is one of the most common frauds, because it allows a "period" piece to be made from authentic fragments.

The signs of a marriage are: differences in patina, inconsistent wood species, unused keyholes, odd proportions. Only a thorough examination by an expert can confirm it.

20th-century furniture

20th-century furniture (Art Deco, modernism, post-war design) is now the engine of the segment: its median price reaches €4,800 and its index rises by more than 7%. Designers such as the Bauhaus workshops and Scandinavian or Italian designers appeal to a young clientele.

This furniture raises specific questions: numbered editions, authorised reissues, copies. Original documentation (publishers' catalogues, invoices, correspondence) is a decisive price factor.

Styles and prices

The great styles
StylePeriodMedian priceTrend
Louis XIV1643–1715€6,800Stable
Régence1715–1723€5,400Stable
Louis XV1723–1774€4,200Slight fall
Louis XVI1774–1792€3,900Stable
Empire1804–1815€2,700Rising

Landmarks

  1. Art Deco

    Return of the straight line.

  2. 18th-century peak

    Records for cabinetmakers.

  3. Fall of period-style furniture

    Change of taste.

  4. €4.1bn

    Up 1.8%.

Protected species

Cabinetmaker's piece or anonymous piece

Plate, Bristol Porcelain Factory (mid-1700s)

Signed piece

Cabinetmaker's stamp
  • Documented value
  • Higher price
  • Counterfeit stamps

Reference piece.

Cupid disguised as Aeneas's son, presents gifts to Dido, Giovanni Francesco Romanelli (1679)

Anonymous piece

No identifiable mark
  • More accessible price
  • Variable quality
  • Attribution more difficult

Piece for use.

Noh Costume (Kariginu) (1800–1850)
Noh Costume (Kariginu) (1800–1850)
Embroidered Back and Seat for Chair (late 1600s)
Embroidered Back and Seat for Chair (late 1600s)
Plate with Putto, Masques, and Trophies (c. 1530–50)
Plate with Putto, Masques, and Trophies (c. 1530–50)

Examining a piece of furniture before buying

  1. Turn over

    Observe back, bottom, underside.

  2. Open

    Examine drawers and joints.

  3. Touch

    Feel the patina and the surfaces.

  4. Compare

    Check the wood species.

  5. Have it examined

    Obtain a conservation report.

Signs of replacement

A restorer-cabinetmaker

Clock, Henrik Wigström (c. 1905–15)
« I always tell my clients: an antique piece of furniture must show its age, but not its history of repairs. »
Pierre Gauthier, restorer-cabinetmaker

Vocabulary of furniture

Cabinetmaker
Craftsman specialised in veneered furniture.
Veneer
Thin sheet of precious wood.
Mortise and tenon
Traditional joint.
Dovetail
Swallowtail-shaped joint.

Frequently asked questions

How do I read a stamp?

With the directory of stamps, linked to OIMAP's experts.

Is a restored piece of furniture unsellable?

No, if the restoration is documented.

What papers should I ask for?

Invoice, conservation report, certificate of authenticity.

Are there alerts for stolen furniture?

Yes, in the BIOP database.

Useful documents

Contacts

The Pyramid of Cestius, Rome, Michiel van Overbeek (c. 1650–80)
The Pyramid of Cestius, Rome, Michiel van Overbeek (c. 1650–80)
OIMAP ObservatoryParis — Headquarters+33 1 00 00 01 00observatoire@oimap.exampleMonday to Friday, 9 am – 5 pm

See glass and ceramics

Textile with Tiny Leaves (1275–1350)

The second group of the segment.

Glass and ceramics
Image credits (16)
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