Observe · Regulate · Protect — since 2007. 19th OIMAP General Assembly: Singapore, 10–12 June 2026. Programme
Regulation

Crypto-assets and buying works

Paying for a work in crypto-assets: vigilance rules, identification, taxation and risks for the buyer and seller.

Updated : October 28, 2026· 3 min read

Paying for a work in crypto-assets

The Judgment of Solomon and Esther before Ahasuerus (pair), Dirk Vellert (c. 1530)
The Judgment of Solomon and Esther before Ahasuerus (pair), Dirk Vellert (c. 1530)

More and more art transactions are settled in crypto-assets. This means of payment is lawful, but raises particular questions of traceability, valuation and taxation.

OIMAP's regulation does not prohibit it: it frames it. The operator must identify its client, understand the origin of funds and keep a complete record of the transaction.

This page presents the applicable rules, the risks to know and good practices.

  • Crypto-assets
  • Payment
  • Vigilance

Crypto-assets and buying works in figures

€1,000Identification threshold
4%Share of work sales paid in crypto-assets
48 hRecommended maximum conversion period
2022Year the rules were adopted

Source: OIMAP Legal Affairs Department.

Breakdown

Direct payment in crypto-assets30%
Conversion into currency by the platform55%
Mixed payment15%

Settlement methods for online sales of works.

The vigilance rules

Above €1,000, the operator identifies the client and checks the origin of the crypto-assets: originating wallet, history of movements, link with known services. They refuse payments from wallets associated with illicit activities or from anonymisation platforms.

They also assess the consistency between the client's profile and the amount of funds. A student who pays for an €80,000 painting in crypto-assets without justifying their resources calls for explanations.

Lampas with foliate medallions in ogival lattice (1400s)
Lampas with foliate medallions in ogival lattice (1400s)
Jar with Stamped Decoration (1400s)
Jar with Stamped Decoration (1400s)
Mirror with Concentric Circles, an Immortal, and Auspicious Animals (100 BCE–100 CE)
Mirror with Concentric Circles, an Immortal, and Auspicious Animals (100 BCE–100 CE)

Valuation, taxation and conversion

The value of a crypto-asset varies sharply from hour to hour. The sale price is therefore expressed in a reference currency, converted at the rate on the day of payment. The operator keeps proof of the rate used.

The taxation of capital gains on crypto-assets is a matter for each State. The operator does not have to manage it on behalf of its client, but must declare the sale and, depending on the State, the financial movements that go with it.

Outlook

The regulation of crypto-assets is changing fast, notably as a result of national financial rules. OIMAP follows these developments and proposes updates to its guides. A draft of joint guidelines with the financial supervisory authorities of Member States is under study.

The aim is to prevent the art market from being both over-regulated by several texts and under-controlled for lack of coordination. Operators are consulted so that the rules are workable.

Checks to carry out

Five checks
CheckPurposeEvidence
Identification of the clientIdentity and supporting documentIdentity document
Origin of fundsOriginating wallet and historyAnalysis report
CoherenceFunds and client profileAnalysis note
ConversionRate usedDated statement
RetentionComplete transactionTen-year file

Landmarks

  1. First payments

    Confidential market.

  2. OIMAP regime

    Threshold of €1,000.

  3. Analysis tools

    Analysis of wallets.

  4. 4% of sales

    Stabilisation.

Wallets and anonymity

Direct payment or prior conversion

The Antechamber of the Palace of Justice, Paris, Charles Meryon (1855)

Direct payment

Crypto-assets received by the operator
  • Quick
  • Volatility to manage
  • Increased vigilance

Less frequent.

Historiated Initial (O) Excised from an Antiphonary: The Donor, Gorus Fucci, Kneels before Christ (c. 1300–1350)

Prior conversion

Currency received after conversion
  • Bank traceability
  • Volatility borne by the client
  • Bank checks

Recommended option.

Turtleback Reading Lamp, Tiffany Glass & Decorating Company (c. 1895–1902)
Turtleback Reading Lamp, Tiffany Glass & Decorating Company (c. 1895–1902)
Daffodil Table Lamp, Tiffany Studios (c. 1910–13)
Daffodil Table Lamp, Tiffany Studios (c. 1910–13)
Sketches in Belgium and Germany, Volume I: Hall of Justice of the Magistrates du Franc, Bruges, Louis Haghe (1840)
Sketches in Belgium and Germany, Volume I: Hall of Justice of the Magistrates du Franc, Bruges, Louis Haghe (1840)

Accepting a payment in crypto-assets

  1. Check

    Identity and profile of the client.

  2. Analyse

    Wallet and history.

  3. Set

    Rate and reference currency.

  4. Receive

    Receipt or conversion.

  5. Archive

    Keep all supporting documents.

Points of attention

A chain analyst

Prayer Niche (Mihrab) (c. 1500s or mid-1900s)
« A blockchain does not lie: it shows everything. What remains is to know how to read what it shows. »
Karim Aouad, Observatory engineer

Vocabulary of crypto-assets

Wallet
Tool for storing crypto-assets.
Rate of the day
Conversion rate on a given date.
Anonymisation
Process that conceals the origin of funds.
Chain analysis
Study of a wallet's movements.

Frequently asked questions

Can I refuse a payment in crypto-assets?

Yes, that is your right.

Must I convert immediately?

It is recommended, to limit volatility.

Are crypto-asset payments declared?

Yes, like any online sale above €1,000.

Where can I find analysis tools?

From providers approved by Member States.

Useful documents

Contacts

A Palace with an Arched Bridge (A Roman Villa), Hubert Robert (1760)
A Palace with an Arched Bridge (A Roman Villa), Hubert Robert (1760)
Legal Affairs DepartmentParis — Headquarters+33 1 00 00 02 00juridique@oimap.exampleMonday to Friday, 9 am – 5 pm

See NFTs and works

Annunciation to the Shepherds: Leaf from a Book of Hours (1 of 6 Excised Leaves), Henri d'Orquevaulx (c. 1420–30)

Tokens, rights and works.

NFTs and works
Image credits (16)
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