Cooperating across borders

OIMAP has concluded cooperation agreements with four international organizations: the World Customs Organization (WCO), Interpol, UNESCO and the International Council of Museums (ICOM).
Each agreement specifies what the parties exchange, how they train together and who acts as point of contact. See also the overview of partners.
Partner international organizations in figures
Source: OIMAP General Secretariat.
The World Customs Organization
The agreement with the WCO concerns the control of movements of cultural property at borders. OIMAP provides customs services with lists of flagged works, identification notices and Academy training. In return, customs transmit the seizures that feed the BIOP database.
This cooperation is at the heart of coordinated operations: twenty-three were carried out in 2024 with the national services concerned.



Interpol
The agreement with Interpol organizes the exchange of police information on thefts and trafficking networks. OIMAP alerts and international police notices complement each other: one specializes in cultural property, the other covers crime as a whole.
Joint exercises make it possible to test the alert chain, from the reporting of a theft to dissemination to the services concerned, within 24 hours for priority reports.
UNESCO
With UNESCO, cooperation rests on the 1970 Convention on illicit transfers of cultural property. The two organizations carry out awareness-raising actions, share their legal analyses and support States preparing a restitution request.
OIMAP contributes its operational expertise: certification, provenance documentation, mediation. UNESCO contributes its normative authority and its network of States Parties.
The International Council of Museums
The agreement with ICOM concerns collection ethics and the training of museum professionals. The two organizations jointly develop teaching materials and red lists of at-risk objects, published in the official languages.
It also facilitates contact with the network of partner museums, described on the Museums page.
The agreements in detail
| Partner | Area | Expected result |
|---|---|---|
| WCO | Customs | Targeted controls, training of officers |
| Interpol | Police | Cross-alerts, investigations |
| UNESCO | Conventions | Awareness-raising, restitutions |
| ICOM | Museums | Ethics, red lists |
Milestones
- First agreement
Exchanges with customs services (indicative).
- Cross-alerts
Setting up of joint alerts with the international police.
- Directives
Partners align with Directive No. 2019-07.
- Renewal
The four agreements are renewed (indicative).
Framework agreement or one-off project

Framework agreement
Lasting- Several years
- Annual action plan
- Permanent point of contact
General framework.

One-off project
Limited in time- Specific objective
- Dedicated budget
- Final report
Targeted response.



Carrying out a joint action
- Frame
Objective, scope, timetable.
- Designate
Persons in charge on each side.
- Exchange
Necessary information, subject to confidentiality.
- Act
Operation, training or publication.
- Evaluate
Review presented to the Secretariat.
Points of vigilance
A liaison officer

« When an alert leaves OIMAP and reaches enforcement services within a few hours, it is because the agreements were prepared well before the theft. »
Glossary
- Notice
- Identification sheet circulated to enforcement services.
- Red List
- Catalogue of cultural objects at risk of trafficking.
- Coordinated operation
- Joint action by several national services.
- Action plan
- Annual programme of a cooperation agreement.
How an agreement works
Each agreement is signed by the Secretary-General and the head of the partner organization. It is concluded for a fixed, renewable term and comes with an annual action plan assessed at a follow-up meeting.
Exchanges of personal data are strictly regulated and subject to the data protection rules of each party.
Frequently asked questions
Can OIMAP seize property?
No. It alerts and coordinates; seizure is a matter for national authorities.
Where can I find the alerts?
See BIOP Alerts.
Where can I see the protection work?
See Protection.
Useful documents
Contacts

See the auction houses
Image credits (17)
- Portrait of John VIII Palaoelogus, Emperor of Constantinople, 1424-1428 (reverse), Pisanello (c. 1438–1439) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Farmhouse on the Slope of a Hill, Fra Bartolommeo (c. 1508) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- The Victory Banquet: from Battle Scenes of the Quelling of Rebellions in the Western Regions, with Imperial Poems (c. 1765–74; poem dated 1760) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- The Grotto of Posillipo, Hubert Robert (c. 1769) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Coronation of the Virgin, Christoffel Jegher (1632–36) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Saint Jerome and the Lion (From the former Church of St. Peter in Erfurt), Tilman Riemenschneider (c. 1495) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- The Dance at the Court of Herod, Israhel van Meckenem (c. 1500) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Small Mosque in the Kaiserbagh, Felice A. Beato (1858) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Lace Towel End (c. 1700s–1800s) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Bidri Hookah Bowl with Roses (c. 1650s) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Gathering among the Members of Office Censor-General (1700s) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Vue générale prise à l'angle sud-ouest, Philoe, Maxime Du Camp (1849–50) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- The Apotheosis of Romulus: Design for a Ceiling, Domenico Maria Canuti (c. 1675–76) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Sports on a Frozen River, Aert van der Neer (ca. 1660) — The Metropolitan Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Châteauvieux-sur-Suran, Antoine-Claude Ponthus-Cinier (1848) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Pair of Drawings: Sketch of the Labyrinth of the Villa Pisani and Piazza San Marco with Doges' Palace, Francesco Guardi (1773–1778(?)) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Nowshera, Kashmir (number 1000), Samuel Bourne (1864) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
Cleveland Museum of Art · CC0 1.0
OIMAP PartnersInternational organizations, approved auction houses and museums that cooperate with OIMAP.›
BIOP alertsThe BIOP alert system: report a theft or loss, view current alerts and subscribe free of charge.›
ProtectionRecovering stolen works, fighting illicit trafficking and protecting heritage: the BIOP database, international cooperation, restitutions and guides for law enforcement.›
OIMAP partnersThe Organization's partners: international organizations, museum institutions and private sector players.›