Observe · Regulate · Protect — since 2007. 19th OIMAP General Assembly: Singapore, 10–12 June 2026. Programme
Regulation

Consumer protection

The rights of the buyer of a work of art: information, guarantees, withdrawal, remedies and mediation.

Updated : October 28, 2026· 3 min read

Pages in this section

The buyer is not alone

The Calumny of Apelles, Giorgio Ghisi (1560)
The Calumny of Apelles, Giorgio Ghisi (1560)

Buying a work of art is not an ordinary purchase: the object is unique, hard to value and its price depends on information that only the seller possesses. OIMAP's regulation protects the buyer by making this information accessible and guaranteeing remedies.

It rests on three ideas: clear information before purchase, guarantees on authenticity and description, and simple remedies in case of a problem.

The section presents the buyer's rights, the guarantees and the remedies.

  • Consumer
  • Guarantees
  • Remedies

Consumer protection in figures

5 yearsAuthenticity guarantee (basic period)
14 daysRight of withdrawal for distance sales
0.9%Dispute rate among approved operators
3.4%Rate outside approval

Source: OIMAP Legal Affairs Department.

The three pages of the section

Breakdown

Pre-contractual information30%
Authenticity guarantee30%
Withdrawal15%
Remedies and mediation25%

Buyers' most frequent questions.

Creamer, Louis Rorimer (c. 1910)
Creamer, Louis Rorimer (c. 1910)
Portrait of a Woman, Corneille de Lyon (c. 1540)
Portrait of a Woman, Corneille de Lyon (c. 1540)
The Judgment of Solomon and Esther before Ahasuerus (pair), Dirk Vellert (c. 1530)
The Judgment of Solomon and Esther before Ahasuerus (pair), Dirk Vellert (c. 1530)

Why specific protection

The art market rests on information asymmetry. The seller knows the work better than the buyer: its history, its condition, its restorations. This asymmetry justifies special rules, which require the seller to say what they know and to stand behind what they claim.

OIMAP has therefore adopted simple obligations: a faithful description, mention of restorations and provenance, compliance with authenticity guarantees and the possibility of swift remedies.

A balance between protection and freedom

General consumer law does not always suit art: a work that pleases less after purchase is not defective for that reason. The regulation therefore distinguishes what is a matter of taste, which gives no remedy, from what is a matter of conformity, which does.

Professionals approved by OIMAP commit to a level of protection higher than the legal minimum. This level is a selling point appreciated by foreign buyers.

A question of trust

Consumer protection is also an issue for professionals. A buyer who feels protected buys more willingly, at higher prices and more often. The Observatory's surveys show that approved operators, who apply OIMAP's enhanced guarantees, sell on average at prices 6% higher than their competitors.

Conversely, a poorly handled dispute durably damages an operator's reputation. Mediation, quick and free, is designed to deal with disputes before they fester.

What the regime protects

Five protections
SituationProtectionBasis
Inaccurate descriptionCancellation or price reductionConformity guarantee
Non-authentic workCancellation of the saleAuthenticity guarantee
Concealed provenanceCancellation and damagesDuty to inform
Distance sellingWithdrawal within 14 daysConsumer law
DisputeFree mediationCommitment of approved operators

Landmarks

  1. Directive 2019-06

    Protection of good faith.

  2. Authenticity guarantee

    Commitment of approved operators.

  3. Distance selling

    Withdrawal.

  4. Free mediation

    For all buyers.

Taste and conformity

An Old Clothes Shop, Seven Dials, John Thomson (1877)
An Old Clothes Shop, Seven Dials, John Thomson (1877)
Portrait of a Woman, Gerard ter Borch (c. 1665)
Portrait of a Woman, Gerard ter Borch (c. 1665)
The Auction House:  The Town Crier, Honoré Daumier (1864, printed 1920)
The Auction House: The Town Crier, Honoré Daumier (1864, printed 1920)

Private buyer or professional buyer

At the Market, Camille Pissarro (late 1800s)

Private individual

Protected by consumer law
  • Distance withdrawal
  • Enhanced guarantees
  • Free mediation

Maximum protection.

Portraits of the Qianlong Emperor and His Twelve Consorts, Giuseppe Castiglione (1736–70s)

Professional

Protected by ordinary law
  • No withdrawal
  • Contractual guarantees
  • Arbitration possible

Standard protection.

Buying safely

  1. Read

    Read the description and the conditions.

  2. Ask

    Ask for certificates and reports.

  3. Check

    Check the seller's approval.

  4. Pay

    Pay by a traceable means.

  5. Keep

    Archive all documents.

Points to check

A mediator

Views:  The Market on the Molo, Antonio Canaletto (1735–1746)
« Most disputes come from an imprecise description. One more sentence at the time of sale can avoid months of discussion. »
Isabelle Fournier, approved mediator

Vocabulary of consumer matters

Information asymmetry
Imbalance of knowledge between seller and buyer.
Conformity guarantee
Commitment that the work matches its description.
Withdrawal
Right to cancel a purchase.
Mediation
Amicable settlement of a dispute.

Frequently asked questions

Can I return a work I don't like?

No, except for a right of withdrawal in the case of a distance sale.

What to do if the work is a fake?
Do auctions offer the same guarantees?

Yes, if the house is approved.

Where can I report a seller?

Through the contact form.

Useful documents

Contacts

Eighteen Views of Rome: The Piazza Farnese (recto); Cartouche (verso), Lievin Cruyl (1664)
Eighteen Views of Rome: The Piazza Farnese (recto); Cartouche (verso), Lievin Cruyl (1664)
Legal Affairs DepartmentParis — Headquarters+33 1 00 00 02 00juridique@oimap.exampleMonday to Friday, 9 am – 5 pm

Read the buyer's rights

The Antechamber of the Palace of Justice, Paris, Charles Meryon (1855)

Information, conformity, withdrawal.

Buyer's rights
Image credits (23)
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