Pages in this section
Buyer's rightsPre-contractual information, faithful description, distance withdrawal, time limits: what the buyer of a work is entitled to.›
Buyer's guaranteesGuarantee of authenticity, conformity and provenance: content, duration, implementation and exclusions.›
Buyer's remediesFree mediation, arbitration and courts: the remedies open to the buyer of a work of art, step by step.›
The buyer is not alone

Buying a work of art is not an ordinary purchase: the object is unique, hard to value and its price depends on information that only the seller possesses. OIMAP's regulation protects the buyer by making this information accessible and guaranteeing remedies.
It rests on three ideas: clear information before purchase, guarantees on authenticity and description, and simple remedies in case of a problem.
The section presents the buyer's rights, the guarantees and the remedies.
Consumer protection in figures
Source: OIMAP Legal Affairs Department.
The three pages of the section



Why specific protection
The art market rests on information asymmetry. The seller knows the work better than the buyer: its history, its condition, its restorations. This asymmetry justifies special rules, which require the seller to say what they know and to stand behind what they claim.
OIMAP has therefore adopted simple obligations: a faithful description, mention of restorations and provenance, compliance with authenticity guarantees and the possibility of swift remedies.
A balance between protection and freedom
General consumer law does not always suit art: a work that pleases less after purchase is not defective for that reason. The regulation therefore distinguishes what is a matter of taste, which gives no remedy, from what is a matter of conformity, which does.
Professionals approved by OIMAP commit to a level of protection higher than the legal minimum. This level is a selling point appreciated by foreign buyers.
A question of trust
Consumer protection is also an issue for professionals. A buyer who feels protected buys more willingly, at higher prices and more often. The Observatory's surveys show that approved operators, who apply OIMAP's enhanced guarantees, sell on average at prices 6% higher than their competitors.
Conversely, a poorly handled dispute durably damages an operator's reputation. Mediation, quick and free, is designed to deal with disputes before they fester.
What the regime protects
| Situation | Protection | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| Inaccurate description | Cancellation or price reduction | Conformity guarantee |
| Non-authentic work | Cancellation of the sale | Authenticity guarantee |
| Concealed provenance | Cancellation and damages | Duty to inform |
| Distance selling | Withdrawal within 14 days | Consumer law |
| Dispute | Free mediation | Commitment of approved operators |
Landmarks
- Directive 2019-06
Protection of good faith.
- Authenticity guarantee
Commitment of approved operators.
- Distance selling
Withdrawal.
- Free mediation
For all buyers.
Taste and conformity



Private buyer or professional buyer

Private individual
Protected by consumer law- Distance withdrawal
- Enhanced guarantees
- Free mediation
Maximum protection.

Professional
Protected by ordinary law- No withdrawal
- Contractual guarantees
- Arbitration possible
Standard protection.
Buying safely
- Read
Read the description and the conditions.
- Ask
Ask for certificates and reports.
- Check
Check the seller's approval.
- Pay
Pay by a traceable means.
- Keep
Archive all documents.
Points to check
A mediator

« Most disputes come from an imprecise description. One more sentence at the time of sale can avoid months of discussion. »
Vocabulary of consumer matters
- Information asymmetry
- Imbalance of knowledge between seller and buyer.
- Conformity guarantee
- Commitment that the work matches its description.
- Withdrawal
- Right to cancel a purchase.
- Mediation
- Amicable settlement of a dispute.
Frequently asked questions
Can I return a work I don't like?
No, except for a right of withdrawal in the case of a distance sale.
What to do if the work is a fake?
See Remedies.
Do auctions offer the same guarantees?
Yes, if the house is approved.
Where can I report a seller?
Through the contact form.
Useful documents
Contacts

Read the buyer's rights
Image credits (23)
- Painting Enthusiasts at Auction House Bouillon, Honoré Daumier (1862, printed 1920) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Sketches in Belgium and Germany, Volume I: Hall of Justice of the Magistrates du Franc, Bruges, Louis Haghe (1840) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Plate: Diana and Acteon, Maestro Giorgio Andreoli (1522) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Christ Driving the Money Changers from the Temple, Rembrandt van Rijn (1635) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- The Calumny of Apelles, Giorgio Ghisi (1560) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Portrait of a Man, Louis Lafitte (1793) — The Metropolitan Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Yokkaichi: View of the Mie River, from the series The Fifty-Three Stations of the Tōkaidō, Utagawa Hiroshige (c. 1833–34) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Dr. James Stuart; Mary Campbell Stuart, Gilbert Stuart (c. 1815) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Creamer, Louis Rorimer (c. 1910) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Portrait of a Woman, Corneille de Lyon (c. 1540) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- The Judgment of Solomon and Esther before Ahasuerus (pair), Dirk Vellert (c. 1530) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- An Old Clothes Shop, Seven Dials, John Thomson (1877) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Portrait of a Woman, Gerard ter Borch (c. 1665) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- The Auction House: The Town Crier, Honoré Daumier (1864, printed 1920) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- At the Market, Camille Pissarro (late 1800s) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Portraits of the Qianlong Emperor and His Twelve Consorts, Giuseppe Castiglione (1736–70s) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Views: The Market on the Molo, Antonio Canaletto (1735–1746) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Eighteen Views of Rome: The Piazza Farnese (recto); Cartouche (verso), Lievin Cruyl (1664) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Portrait of a Woman, Anna Claypoole Peale (1820) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Portrait Bust of a Man (27 BCE–14 CE) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Portrait of Georges Arnold Fitzwilliam, Charles Balthazar Julien Fevret de Saint-Mémin (c. 1790–1852) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- Portrait of John VIII Palaoelogus, Emperor of Constantinople, 1424-1428 (reverse), Pisanello (c. 1438–1439) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
- The Antechamber of the Palace of Justice, Paris, Charles Meryon (1855) — Cleveland Museum of Art, CC0 1.0
Cleveland Museum of Art · CC0 1.0


Buyer's rightsPre-contractual information, faithful description, distance withdrawal, time limits: what the buyer of a work is entitled to.›
Buyer's guaranteesGuarantee of authenticity, conformity and provenance: content, duration, implementation and exclusions.›
Buyer's remediesFree mediation, arbitration and courts: the remedies open to the buyer of a work of art, step by step.›
ArbitrationThe OIMAP Arbitral Tribunal (TAO) settles art and heritage disputes: authenticity, provenance, restitution and contracts, through arbitration or mediation.›