Observe · Regulate · Protect — since 2007. 19th OIMAP General Assembly: Singapore, 10–12 June 2026. Programme
Protection

Identification sheets

142 illustrated sheets to recognise cultural property: content, use, categories, updates and access.

Updated : October 28, 2026· 3 min read

One page to recognise an object

Mercury (Budha), from a Mandi Astrology Series, Sanju (c. 1810)
Mercury (Budha), from a Mandi Astrology Series, Sanju (c. 1810)

Each identification sheet fits on a double-sided page. It presents a type of property — mask, statuette, coin, manuscript, mosaic fragment — with photographs, the essential features, false leads, indicative prices and the action to take.

The 142 sheets are classified in nine categories. They are written with experts and tested by officers. They are available in three languages, in paper, PDF and application versions.

This page describes their structure, their use and their development.

  • Sheets
  • Identification
  • Property

Identification sheets in figures

142Sheets
9Categories
3Languages
24Sheets revised in 2024

Source: OIMAP Heritage Protection Department.

Breakdown

Archaeology30%
Tribal art18%
Paintings and drawings14%
Sculpture12%
Books and manuscripts10%
Other16%

Sheets by category.

Structure of a sheet

Each sheet comprises a banner (name of the property, period, region), reference photographs, a box "To recognise" listing the main criteria, a box "Not to be confused with" flagging common copies, indications of price and documents, and a box "What to do" with the action to take.

A QR code links to the BIOP database to display the corresponding alerts. The sheets are designed to be read in under two minutes.

Sketchbook, The Dells, N° 127, page 090 & 91: Harbor with a Road, Maurice Prendergast (c. 1919–1921)
Sketchbook, The Dells, N° 127, page 090 & 91: Harbor with a Road, Maurice Prendergast (c. 1919–1921)
Arrival of the "Southern Barbarians" (c. 1600)
Arrival of the "Southern Barbarians" (c. 1600)
Sailing Vessels: Armed Four-Master Putting Out to Sea, Pieter Bruegel (1561–65)
Sailing Vessels: Armed Four-Master Putting Out to Sea, Pieter Bruegel (1561–65)

Using a sheet in the field

Faced with a suspect object, the officer identifies the category, opens the sheet, compares the criteria and decides whether to seize or ask for an opinion. The most used sheets concern archaeological objects, masks, statuettes, coins and manuscripts.

An officer can also photograph the object with the application and obtain a suggested sheet, which displays the criteria to check. This function does not replace an expert's opinion but speeds up sorting.

Contributing and updating

The sheets are revised every two years, or sooner if new trends emerge. Officers can propose corrections and additions through the application or via their referent. States may request the creation of sheets for property specific to their heritage.

In 2024, twenty-four sheets were revised or created, notably on objects from South-East Asia, ancient musical instruments and liturgical objects. Each change is validated by an editorial committee.

Sheets and training

The sheets are at the heart of the training modules: trainees learn to read them, to complete them and to use them in exercises. Trainers use them as a medium to get across a type of property in a few minutes.

They are also used to raise awareness among other professions: police officers, magistrates, market operators, freight forwarders. Several sheets are published in these professions' guides.

Examples of sheets

Five examples
SheetTo recogniseNot to be confused with
Mesopotamian cylinder sealStone engraved in intaglio, small formatModern resin imitations
Central African maskInternal wear, patina of useRecent trade masks
Ancient coinStrike, weight, patinaMuseum reproductions
Illuminated manuscriptScript, parchment, bindingFacsimiles
Cycladic statuetteMarble, pared-down formsTourist copies

Landmarks

  1. First sheets

    40 sheets.

  2. 142 sheets

    Complete series.

  3. Application

    Mobile version.

  4. Image recognition

    Suggested sheet.

A sheet is not a verdict

Chemin de fer de Toulouse à Bayonne. Pont de l'Aran (en trois arches de 17m d'ouverture chacune). Situation des travaux au 21 juillet 1861, Édouard Baldus (1861)
Chemin de fer de Toulouse à Bayonne. Pont de l'Aran (en trois arches de 17m d'ouverture chacune). Situation des travaux au 21 juillet 1861, Édouard Baldus (1861)
Fishing Boats along the Beach, Eugène Isabey (c. 1830)
Fishing Boats along the Beach, Eugène Isabey (c. 1830)
Seven Jeweled Mountain (late 1800s)
Seven Jeweled Mountain (late 1800s)

Paper sheet or digital sheet

Return of the Fishing Boats at Collioure, near the Spanish Border, Adolphe Appian (1878)

Paper

Printing
  • Usable anywhere
  • Robust
  • Annual update

For isolated posts.

The Triumph of Mordecai, Lucas van Leyden (1515)

Digital

Application
  • High-definition photos
  • Image search
  • Occasional connection

For equipped officers.

Using a sheet

  1. Identify

    Identify the category.

  2. Open

    Select the sheet.

  3. Compare

    Examine the criteria.

  4. Check

    Consult the BIOP.

  5. Decide

    Hold or release.

In the officer's kit

A customs officer

Whitby Harbor, Frank Meadow Sutcliffe (c. 1885)
« I recognised a cylinder seal thanks to the sheet: it looked like a decorated pebble. It was identified as coming from a looted museum. »
Officer Dylan Martel, customs officer

Vocabulary of sheets

Identification sheet
Aid to recognising a type of property.
Cylinder seal
Small engraved cylinder used as a seal.
Facsimile
Faithful reproduction.
QR code
Two-dimensional barcode.

Frequently asked questions

Are the sheets public?

A sample is; the whole set is reserved for officers.

Can I propose a sheet?

Yes, through your referent.

How many languages?

Three.

Where can I find the application?

From the State's customs correspondent.

Useful documents

Contacts

Architectural Conference (c. 1622)
Architectural Conference (c. 1622)
Heritage Protection DepartmentParis — Headquarters+33 1 00 00 03 00protection@oimap.exampleMonday to Friday, 9 am – 5 pm

See the training

Nuova pianta di Roma data in luce da Giambattista Nolli l’anno MDCCXLVII, known as La Pianta Grande di Roma, Giovanni Battista Nolli (1748)

Learning to use the sheets.

Training
Image credits (16)
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